从批评性话语分析角度研究网络新闻中的性别差异开题报告

 2023-02-21 10:15:48

1. 研究目的与意义

Although the continuing progress of the times has greatly improved the status of women, the phenomenon of gender gap still exists in many aspects of our society such as news industry. As an effective way for people to acquire news, online news in modern society are playing an important role in affecting how people think. However, like traditional newspaper, online news also retain some ideology of gender prejudice. In such case, people are likely to have a negative change of attitude towards womenimperceptibly. Therefore, the thesis intends to analyze online news discourse from the perspective of the critical discourse analysis to uncover the phenomenon of the gender inequality hidden in online news.

Its significance consists of the following three aspects. First, there have been a large number of studies on gender issues in the traditional media but studies included in the online media are not enough. So the thesis will be beneficial to enrich gender study in online news. Second, news discourse is essentially required to describe real events, but because events are under a certain social background, they are often affected by political, economic, cultural and other factors. At the same time, journalists always unconsciously reveal their personal subjective consciousness when reporting news events (Liamp; Zhang, 2015). On the whole, power, ideology, politics and personal position are intertwined in news discourse, which has impact on the authenticity of reported events. Therefore, the thesis aims to raise more people’s awareness of critical reading and ability of information recognition, hoping to arouse their reflection on gender issues. Third, the thesis expects that the news media workers can be conscious of their subconscious sexist mind and correct it in time. Then, the news media, with proper gender awareness, will give full play to the correct guiding role for public opinion. That is how gender equality will have the possibility to be achieved in the whole social cultural and conscious level. After that, women even all mankind will obtain further development.

2. 研究内容和预期目标

Critical discourse analysis is an interdisciplinary linguistic study focused on social issues, meaning to reveal the relationship between discourse and ideology. What it criticizes is the facts covered up and the truth of inequality hidden in the society, which fits well with the purpose of the study on gender gap in online news. Under the circumstances, it is of great theoretical and practical significance to reveal the role of women in social practice through discourse analysis and to explore the function and mechanism of online news discourse in the construction of women''''s image (Li, 2017). As one of the most illustrious representatives in studying critical discourse analysis, Fairclough comes up with Three-Dimensional Model including three stages, that is description, interpretation and explanation, which provides a distinctive analytical perspective for news discourse analysis. Thus, on the basis of critical discourse analysis, the paper analyzes Baidu news in 2021 to disclose gender gap in online news by means of Fairclough’s three-dimensional model, hoping to arouse public concern about gender issues and promote the establishment of gender equality.

Outline:

1. Introduction

2. Literature review

2.1. Studies on critical discourse analysis

2.2. Studies on gender issues

3. Sampling method

4. Analysis on gender gap via Fairclough’s three-dimensional model

4.1. Descriptive and interpretative stage

4.1.1. Content analysis

4.1.1.1. Comparison of report proportion

4.1.1.2. Comparison of different description

4.1.1.3. Comparison of different social roles

4.1.2. Marked female and unmarked male

4.1.2.1. Formal marking

4.1.2.2. Semantic marking

4.1.2.3. Distributional marking

4.1.3. Gender metaphor

4.2. Explanatory stage

5. Conclusion

5.1. Major findings

5.2. Limitations and suggestions

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3. 国内外研究现状

1.Studies on critical discourse analysis

Critical discourse analysis originated in Western Europe in the 1970s. In the early 1970s, people began to pay attention to the relationship between discourse and social behavior (Huang, 2010). For example, Halliday (1973) believes that the existence of the discourse relies on its function in social structure. It is a choice system, which means that discourse is chosen to better express ideas under specific context. During the process, three linguistic functions are embodied, that is, ideational function, interpersonal function and textual function. The concept of critical linguistics was initially put forward in the Language and Control by Fowler (1979). Since then, more linguists have laid emphasis on it. They contend that critical discourse is an instrumental approach of exhibiting the practical interaction of language and context. Later, Fairclough first brought out critical discourse analysis in Language and Power in 1989. Compared to critical linguistics, critical discourse analysis pays more attention to the detailed social issues and the roles discourse plays in them. From the perspective of critical discourse analysis, discourse is a social phenomenon and an essential component of society and culture, so discourse is a social practice (Fairclough, 1989). Critical discourse analysis is able to serve as an approach for the research of the relationship between discourse and various social issues. In addition, Bhatia (2008) points out that it is the discourse that constructs most social issues such as power and ideology. Therefore, through the study on discourse and the focus on the social structure relationship related to discourse formation, the effective information to solve these social issues can be found out. Moreover, Wu [吴建刚] (2002) thinks that discourse which is a ubiquitous way to understand, evaluate and experience the world not only safeguards power and knowledge but also resists and criticizes them. In his opinion, Critical discourse analysis is conducive to cultivating people''''s critical consciousness of the social world and people''''s critical self-consciousness. It should become an important content of social science research and language education.

2. Studies on gender issues

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4. 计划与进度安排

The thesis is generally divided into five parts. The first part gives a brief introduction of the research backgrounds and the significance of the thesis. Meanwhile, the specific contents to be discussed below are also pointed out here. The second part is literature review. It summarizes previous studies on critical discourse analysis and gender issues in online news both at home and abroad. Then, the third part is about how to obtain gender news sample. The thesis decides to make use of a sampling method called constructed week sampling. The relevant research results show that the samples taken from two constructed weeks a year can reliably reflect the overall situation. Therefore, the thesis intends to build one constructed week in the first half of 2022 and one in the second half. The fourth part is the main body. In this part, gender gap in online news is analyzed by means of Fairclough’s three-dimensional model, namely descriptive, interpretative and explanatory stage. The descriptive and interpretative stage are further researched in three aspects of content, markedness theory and gender metaphor. What’s more, both content analysis and markedness theory are respectively divided and studied in detail. The last part draws a conclusion of the thesis and also puts forward its limitation. It hopes to catch more people’s attention to gender gap in online news and improve discourse awareness of all members of the society so as to promote social and cultural progress of human beings.

5. 参考文献

Bhafia, A. K., Flowerdew, J., amp; Jones, R. H. (2008). Advances in Discourse Studies. London: Routledge.

Cameron, D.，amp; Kulick, D. (1998). Women，Men，and Language：a sociolinguistic account of gender difference in language. London：New York Longman.

Fairclough, N. (1989). Language and Power. London: Longman.

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